Zirconium dioxide
Zirconium(IV) oxide
CAS: 1314-23-4;53801-45-9
Molecular Formula: O2Zr
Zirconium dioxide - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Zirconium(IV) oxide |
| Synonyms | oxygen(2-) C.I. 77990 zirconium(4+) dioxozirconium Zirconium oxide Zirconium dioxide Zirconium(IV) oxide C.I. Pigment White 12 Zirconiumoxidecalcined Zirconium dioxide,steady Zirconiumoxidewhitepowder Zirconium(IV) oxide, sulfated Zirconium(IV) oxide, Puratronic (metals basis) |
| CAS | 1314-23-4 53801-45-9 |
| EINECS | 215-227-2 |
| InChI | InChI=1/2O.Zr/q2*-2;+4 |
| InChIKey | RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Zirconium dioxide - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | O2Zr |
| Molar Mass | 123.22 |
| Density | 5.89g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | 2700°C(lit.) |
| Boling Point | 5000°C(lit.) |
| Flash Point | 5000°C |
| Water Solubility | insoluble |
| Solubility | insoluble |
| Appearance | powder |
| Specific Gravity | 5.89 |
| Color | White |
| Exposure Limit | ACGIH: TWA 5 mg/m3; STEL 10 mg/m3NIOSH: IDLH 25 mg/m3; TWA 5 mg/m3; STEL 10 mg/m3 |
| Merck | 14,10180 |
| PH | 4-5 |
| Storage Condition | 2-8℃ |
| Stability | Stable. |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Properties white amorphous powder. Odorless and tasteless. melting point 2715 ℃ relative density 5.85 solubility insoluble in water, soluble in hot concentrated hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid. White amorphous powder. Its crystal form has a variety of variants, white powder to micro cinnamon color is monoclinic system, yellow powder is cubic system. Odorless and tasteless. The cubic system is 5.6 relative to this degree; The monoclinic system is 5.85 relative to this degree. Melting point 2715 °c. Insoluble in water, soluble in hot concentrated hydrofluoric acid, sulfuric acid. Co-melting with alkali can produce the corresponding zirconate. Chemical stability. |
| Use | Used for making metal zirconium and zirconium compounds, making refractory bricks and crucibles, high-frequency ceramics, grinding materials, ceramic pigments and zirconates, etc. mainly used for piezoelectric ceramic products, daily ceramics, refractory and precious metal melting with zirconium brick, zirconium tube, Crucible, etc. Also used in the production of steel and non-ferrous metals, optical glass and zirconia fibers. Also used for ceramic pigments, electrostatic coatings and paint. For epoxy resin can increase the corrosion of heat-resistant salt water. |
Zirconium dioxide - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
| Risk Codes | 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
| Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36/37 - Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves. S39 - Wear eye / face protection. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. |
| HS Code | 28256000 |
Zirconium dioxide - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Hydrochloric acid zirconyl chloride zirconyl chloride |
Zirconium dioxide - Nature
Open Data Verified Data
is a white heavy amorphous powder. Odorless and tasteless. There are three crystal types: monoclinic, cubic and tetragonal. The relative density is 5. 85, the melting point is 2680 ℃, the boiling point is 4300 ℃, and the refractive index is 2.2. Tetragonal crystals were formed above 1100 °c and cubic crystals were formed above 1900 °c. Soluble in sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, hot hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, but also soluble in molten potassium hydrogen sulfate. It is fused with sodium carbonate to form sodium zirconate, which can be hydrolyzed into sodium hydroxide and zirconium hydroxide which is almost insoluble in water.
Last Update：2024-01-02 23:10:35
Zirconium dioxide - Use
Open Data Verified Data
high-purity ultrafine zirconia can be used as a stabilizer for incandescent lamps. It has far-infrared electrical properties, which can save electricity and improve the life of the lamp. In addition, zirconia has high refractive index and high temperature resistance, and can be used as enamel glaze, refractory material and electrical insulation material. It can also be used as X-ray radiography, abrasive material, optical glass, optical fiber, Micro integrated circuit board, high power microscope and magnifying glass mirror etc. It is also the material of ceramic tile and sanitary ceramic, which can improve the toughness of ceramic and prevent ceramic cracking.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:53:47
Zirconium dioxide - Safety
Open Data Verified Data
Non-toxic. Irritating. Sealed storage.
Last Update：2022-01-01 08:53:47
Zirconium dioxide - Reference Information
| NIST chemical information | Information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
| EPA chemical information | Information provided by: ofmpub.epa.gov (external link) |
| introduction | zirconia, also known as zirconia (ZrO2), is an inorganic nonmetallic material with high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and excellent electrical conductivity. ZrO2 is not only traditionally used in refractory materials and ceramic pigments, but also in high-tech fields such as electronic ceramics, functional ceramics and structural ceramics. |
| application | zirconia beads can be used for ultra-fine grinding and dispersion of non-metallic mining and papermaking heavy calcium, paint, ink, electronic materials, lithium iron batteries, magnetic materials, textile dyes, medicine and other industries. Zirconia has excellent high temperature resistance. The melting point is as high as 2700 ℃. Even if it is heated to 1900 ℃, it will not react with molten aluminum, iron, nickel, platinum and other metals, silicates and acidic slag. The crucible made of zirconia material can successfully melt platinum group precious metals and their alloys such as platinum, palladium, ruthenium, and cesium. Zirconia refractory fiber is a kind of high-grade refractory material. It has higher use temperature and better heat insulation performance than alumina fiber, mullite fiber, aluminum silicate fiber, etc., and has stable high temperature chemical properties, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, non-volatile, and no pollution. Zirconia as a refractory material is mainly used in the key parts of large glass tank kilns. After melting and blowing zirconia, zirconia hollow spheres of different sizes are obtained to prepare various high-grade insulation bricks. The main domestic manufacturers are Luoyang Refractory Research Institute. |
| synthesis method | (1) preparation of zirconium oxychloride mother liquor: 3.53Kg of zirconium oxychloride is dissolved in 10L mixed acid of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid (the mass ratio of nitrate ion to chloride ion is 1.5:1) to prepare 10L zirconium oxychloride mother liquor. The obtained zirconia mother liquor contains 100g/L of zirconium, 3.53g/L of hafnium, 0.18g/L of iron, 0.20g/L of calcium, 0.10g/L of magnesium, 0.16g/L of silicon and 0.36g/L of titanium. The hydrogen ion concentration in zirconia mother liquor is 5mol/L. (2) Preparation of organic multiple extractant: According to the volume fraction ratio, 20% TOPO, 10% Cynex272 and 70% sulfonated kerosene are mixed evenly to prepare 20L organic multiple extractant. (3) Acidification: A mixed acid of 10L hydrogen ion concentration of 5mol/L nitric acid and hydrochloric acid (in which the mass ratio of nitrate ion to chloride ion is 1.5:1) is added to the above-mentioned 20L organic multi-element extractant for acidification treatment, and the aqueous phase is removed to obtain the above-mentioned 20L acidified organic multi-element extractant. The acidification time is 5min, and the acidification stage is 2. (4) Extraction: 10L of the above-mentioned zirconium oxychloride mother liquor is added to the above-mentioned 20L acidified organic multi-element extractant for extraction to obtain 20L of zirconium-containing extract and 10L of hafnium-containing raffinate, the extraction time is about 15min, and the extraction stage is grade 3. (5) Washing: The mixed acid of hydrochloric acid and nitric acid with a hydrogen ion concentration of 6.7L (the amount ratio of nitrate ion to chloride ion is 2:1) is added to 20L zirconium-containing extract, and the aqueous phase is removed to obtain 20L zirconium-containing extract after washing and impurity removal. The extraction time is about 15min, and the washing stage is 3. (6) back extraction: 20L of 0.5mol/L hydrochloric acid solution was added to 20L of zirconium-containing extract after washing and impurity removal to obtain 20L of zirconium-containing back extraction solution and 20L of organic back extraction phase. The anti-extraction temperature is 90 ℃, the anti-extraction time is 20min, and the anti-extraction series is grade 3. (7) Organic back extraction phase impurity removal, organic multiple extractant recovery: 6.7L of 1mol/L nitric acid solution is added to 20L organic back extraction phase to remove impurities in the organic back extraction phase, so that the organic back extraction phase of the organic multiple extractant recycling. The organic phase impurity removal series is level 2. (8) ammonia precipitation: the analytically pure ammonia water is added to the above-mentioned zirconium-containing reverse extraction solution, and 20g of polyethylene glycol is added while stirring to obtain zirconium hydroxide precipitation. The temperature of zirconium precipitation with ammonia water is 90 ℃, and the pH value is adjusted to 12 by adding ammonia water. (9) burning: zirconium hydroxide is washed with water and burned in a muffle furnace at a burning temperature of 950 ℃ and a burning time of 2h to obtain zirconium oxide. |
| use | used for making metal zirconium and zirconium compounds, making refractory bricks and crucibles, high-frequency ceramics, grinding materials, ceramic pigments and zirconates, etc. can be used as high-efficiency high-temperature heat insulation materials. It can be used to manufacture structural ceramics, functional ceramics and artificial gemstones, etc. It is used as a light source for high-purity reagents and infrared spectral bands, and is also used for the preparation of high-purity zirconium salts It is widely used in the manufacture of refractory materials, grinding materials, ceramic pigments and zirconates, etc. Mainly used for piezoelectric ceramic products, daily ceramics, refractory materials and zirconium bricks, zirconium tubes, crucibles, etc. for smelting precious metals. It is also used to produce steel and non-ferrous metals, optical glass and zirconium dioxide fibers. It is also used in ceramic pigments, electrostatic coatings and baking varnishes. Used in epoxy resin can increase corrosion of heat-resistant brine. used in atomic energy industry, national defense industry, electronic components, ceramic color agents, high temperature resistant materials, etc. white hot gas lampshade, enamel, white glass, refractory crucibles, etc. X-ray photography. Abrasive material. Together with yttrium, it is used to manufacture light source lamps in infrared spectrometers, thick film circuit capacitor materials, and piezoelectric crystal transducer formulations. Nanometer zirconia is used as a matrix material for polishing agents, abrasive particles, piezoelectric ceramics, precision ceramics, ceramic glazes and high temperature pigments. High purity 4N grade is used as an additive for special glass and optical fiber, glass sheet of high refractive electron microscope and energy-saving light source. |
| production method | zirconium oxychloride pyrolysis zircon and caustic soda melt at 650 ℃, hot water leaches the molten body, and silicon is separated from sodium zirconate in the form of sodium silicate. Then it is treated with sulfuric acid to obtain zirconium sulfate solution. After further removing impurities, ammonia water is added to precipitate zirconium hydroxide. Add hydrochloric acid to dissolve zirconium hydroxide to obtain zirconium oxychloride, which is evaporated and concentrated, cooled and crystallized, crushed and roasted to obtain zirconium dioxide finished product. Its ZrSiO4 + 4NaOH → Na2ZrO3 + Na2SiO3 +2H2ONa2ZrO3 + Na2SO4 → Zr(SO4)2 + Na2SO4 +3 H2OZr(SO4)2+4NH3?H2O → Zr(OH)4 ↓ +2(NH4)2 SO4Zr(OH)4 + 2HCl + 5H2O → ZrOC12?8 H2OZrOC12?8H2O → ZrO2 + 2HCl + 7H2O zirconium oxychloride pyrolysis. Reaction equation: ZrSiO4 +2Ca(OH)2 → CaSiO3 + CaZrO3 + 2H2O ↑ CaZrO3 + 4HCl + 6H2O → ZrOCl2 8H2O + CaCl2 ZrOCl2 · 8H2O → ZrO2 + 2HCl + 7H2O calcination. Zircon concentrate: calcareous lime = 1:(1.6~1.3), each batch of zirconium Shi Ying 100kg and calcareous lime 160kg are mixed to obtain 260kg, and calcined at 1150 ℃ for 5h to obtain calcined sand., pre-leaching. The calcine was leached with three-stage countercurrent with different concentrations of circulating prepreg, and for the first time, the slurry concentration was adjusted to 30%-35% with a third-stage prepreg containing [Ca2 +]35-40g/L and [Cl-]{T concentration of 2-2.3mol/L for 0.5h at room temperature. For the second and third time, the mother liquor after zirconium washing is used in the following (4) to prepare a solution containing [Ca2 +]25~30g/L and [Cl-]{T3 ~ 3.2mol/L, the concentration of slurry is adjusted to 30%, leaching at room temperature for 1~1.5h, and the leaching end acidity is 0.2~0.3mol/L. High acid leaching. The leaching residue obtained from (2) is used in a solution containing [Ca2 +]15~20g/L and [Cl-]{T9.5 ~ 10mol/L, and the solid-liquid ratio is 1:(3.5~4) and 1.3~3.2 temperature is 95 ℃, respectively, and the solution is then separated from the residue. Precipitated cotton produces zirconium oxychloride and is purified. The hydrochloric acid washing liquid by-product of the crystal purification process and the condensate collected during the calcination process are added to (3) to directly precipitate basic zirconium oxychloride. Precipitation conditions are: acidity hydrochloric acid 5.0~8.5mol/L, normal temperature, 0.5~8h. The purification system separates the precipitated zirconium oxychloride crystals from the mother liquor and thoroughly washes them with pure hydrochloric acid until the iron content of zirconium oxychloride is less than 0.0005%. Calcination. The purified zirconium oxychloride was calcined in a calciner under the conditions of 800~950 ℃ and 2.5~3. Zirconium carbonate decomposition method. Reaction equation: ZrOCl2 + CO(NH2)2 + 7H2O → Zr(OH)2CO3 · 4H2O + 2NH4Cl Zr(OH)2CO3 · 4H2O → ZrO2 + CO2 + H2O to prepare the initial solution: ZrOCl2 0.01mol/L, CO(NH2)2 0.50mol/L, glycerol 2.5%, pH value (2.5±0.1). After adjusting the pH value, the solution should have no precipitation. The solution was aged in an oil bath at (85±1)℃. After about 30min, the solution began to become turbid, then gradually increased, and continued to age for 5h. After the end of the aging period, the aging liquid is quickly cooled to below 15 degrees C with flowing cold water (below 15 degrees C) or ice water to obtain basic zirconium carbonate sol. The precipitate was separated by centrifugation from basic zirconium carbonate sol, washed with water, centrifuged and repeated 5 times. The washed sediment is put into a high-temperature furnace and heated to 850 ℃ (the heating rate is about 10 ℃/min), the temperature is kept at this temperature for 2 hours, the temperature is cooled, and the zirconium dioxide particles are taken out after cooling. Sol-gel method adds human alcohol and water to zirconium alkoxide such as ZrO(C3H7)4, then adds acid as a catalyst for mixing, starts the reaction of adding water to relax, finally forms sol, and then carries out polymerization reaction to become gel. The gel is a viscous liquid, select the appropriate viscosity for dry spinning, fiber into primary fiber. Further heating at a high temperature of 500~1000 ℃ for inorganic treatment to prepare zirconia fiber products. |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
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View History
Zirconium dioxide
SODIUM HYDRIDE IN OIL
82382-23-8
2-NITRODRACYLIC ACID
N-甲基-4-氨邻苯二甲酰亚胺
IsofagomineHydrochlroide
4-Dinitrofluorobenzene
3,3-Diethoxy-1-propanol
硫酸亚铁七水合物
3-Cyano-2,6-difluorobenzoicacid
SODIUM HYDRIDE IN OIL
82382-23-8
2-NITRODRACYLIC ACID
N-甲基-4-氨邻苯二甲酰亚胺
IsofagomineHydrochlroide
4-Dinitrofluorobenzene
3,3-Diethoxy-1-propanol
硫酸亚铁七水合物
3-Cyano-2,6-difluorobenzoicacid
Raw Materials for Zirconium dioxide